![]() Mitochondria produce the energy needed for these processes. If these proteins are hydrolytic enzymes, they can be stored in lysosomes. For example, proteins that are synthesized in the RER then travel to the Golgi apparatus for modification and packaging for either storage or transport. Just like your body uses different organs that work together, cells use these organelles interact to perform specific functions. Lysosomes digest macromolecules, recycle worn-out organelles, and destroy pathogens. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) synthesizes carbohydrates, lipids including phospholipids and cholesterol, and steroid hormones engages in the detoxification of medications and poisons and stores calcium ions. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with its attached ribosomes is the site of protein synthesis and modification. These subcellular components work together to modify, tag, package, and transport proteins and lipids. In addition to the presence of nuclei, eukaryotic cells are distinguished by an endomembrane system that includes the plasma membrane, nuclear envelope, lysosomes, vesicles, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. What is the relationship between the structure and function of the components of the endomembrane system, especially with regard to the synthesis of proteins?. ![]() In this section, you will explore the following questions:
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